Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) are crucial for innovation. It is the foundation of any knowledge-based economy. It is the interface of - creations and rights. It pervades through all sectors of the economy and is increasingly becoming important for ensuring competitiveness of the enterprise. Role of IPR lay in providing a legal right to the inventor to protect his/her creation as well as preventing others from illegally exploiting the creation and thus avoid re-invention of the wheel.
用於保護創新的各種智慧財產權工具包括:-
- 版權:涉及對音樂、文學、藝術、講座、戲劇、藝術複製品、模型、照片、電腦軟體等創意作品的保護.
- 專利:涉及實用創新,旨在保護新穎、非顯而易見且實用的發明.
- 商標:與商業符號有關,專注於保護諸如個人姓名、字母、數字、圖形元素(標誌)等文字/符號等獨特標記;設備;視覺上可感知的二維或三維標誌/形狀或其組合;聲音標誌(聲音標記)例如動物的哭聲或嬰兒的笑聲;嗅覺標記(氣味標記),使用某種香料標記(聲音標記)例如動物的哭聲或嬰兒的笑聲;嗅覺標記(氣味標記),使用某種香料標記(氣味標記).
- 工業設計:保護形狀、配置、圖案、裝飾或線條或顏色構成的新穎非功能性特徵,透過任何工業流程或手段(無論是手動、機械或化學的,單獨或組合的)應用於任何二維或三維或兩種形式的物品,在成品中吸引並僅通過眼睛來判斷.
- 地理標示 (GI):定義為工業產權的一部分,指稱產品原產的國家或地區. 通常,這樣的名稱傳達了產品品質和獨特性的保證,這主要歸因於產品產自特定的地理位置、地區或國家.
Intellectual Property Rights are always territorial. Globalization and rapid proliferation of technology has elevated the importance of intellectual property rights.
