भारत में वेपार करणु

1 Starting a Business in India

हिक वेपापी कारोबार हिक आर्थीिक संसथा आहे जा मुंझियलु आहे पैदावार ऐं / या विरासत समान ऐं सेवायूंनि जी नफो कमाअण तोडे नाणो कमाअण लाई. इन मंझसि आहिनि जाण गणप जी किर्तयूं जो खे बि॒न मुल भांङनि में विरहाऐ थो सघिजे मसलनि कारोबार ऐं वेपार. हर हिक सेडपकारीअ जो मकस्द हुंदो आहे त हो वापार जकजे ऐं हिक कामयाब कारोबार ठाहिजे.

 

The Directorates of Industries are the nodal agencies in different States which assist and guide new entrepreneurs in starting up an industrial unit in the concerned State. They provide an interface between industry and other agencies for industry inputs and enable the entrepreneur to get different industrial approvals and clearances from various departments at a single point-Single Window.

2 Financing a Business

Business finance refers to the funds and monetary support required by an entrepreneur for carrying out the various activities relating to his/ her business organization. It is needed at every stage of a business life cycle. Though the amount of the capital needed by an enterprise depends upon the nature and size of the business, but its timely and adequate supply is indispensable for any form of industrial set up (whether small, medium or large). The financial system in India can be categorized into money market and capital market. For regulating the operations of money market, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the supreme authority, whereas the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) supervises the functioning of the capital market.

मुल भांङा सरिशते में जहिं मंझसि हिक सेडपकारी नाणो मेडे थो सघे साणसि / साणसि कारोबार लाई हो आहिनि: -

a) Venture Capital: Venture Capital is an important source of finance for those small and medium-sized firms Venture capitalists comprise of professionals of various fields. They provide funds (known as Venture Capital Fund) to these firms after scrutinizing the projects.

b) Banks: A bank is an institution that accepts deposits of money from the public, which are repayable on demand and withdrawable by cheque. Such deposits are used for lending to others and not for financing its own business of any kind. The term lending includes both direct lending to borrowers and indirect lending through investment in open market securities. 

c) Government Schemes: An entrepreneur requires a continuous flow of funds not only for setting up of his/ her business, but also for successful operation as well as regular upgradation/ modernization of the industrial unit. To meet this requirement, the Government (both at the Central and State level) has been undertaking several steps like setting up of banks and financial institutions; formulating various policies and schemes, etc. All such measures are specifically focused towards the promotion and development of small and medium enterprises

d) Non-Banking Financial Companies: Non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) are fast emerging as an important segment of Indian financial system. It is an heterogeneous group of institutions (other than commercial and co-operative banks) performing financial intermediation in a variety of ways, like accepting deposits, making loans and advances, leasing, hire purchase, etc. They raise funds from the public, directly or indirectly, and lend them to ultimate spenders. 

e) Financial Institutions: The Government of India, in order to provide adequate supply of credit to various sectors of the economy, has evolved a well-developed structure of financial institutions in the country. These financial institutions can be broadly categorized into All India institutions and State level institutions, depending upon the geographical coverage of their operations. At the national level, they provide long and medium term loans at reasonable rates of interest. 

3 वेपार लाई कानुनी विचार

कहिं बि मुल्क में कानुनी मामला लाजमी भांङा आहिनि कामयाब कारोबार जे माहोल जा. हो तासिर जाहिर कंदा आहिनि निती धाचे ऐं दिमागी-हालत सरकारी धाचे जी उन मुल्क जी. भारत में, सभिनि खां जरुरी कानुन जो कि हिक कम्पनीअ जे सभिनि पहलुअनि खे जाबती आणिंदो आहे सो आहे कम्पनी कानुन, 1956. इन मंझ नियाम आहिनि कम्पनीअ जे जोडायप, सध ऐं जिमेवारी डाईरेक्टरनि ऐं सरबराहनि लाई, सरमाई मेडण, कम्पनीअ जी ग॒ड॒जाणी कोठण लाई, कम्पनीअ जे हिसाब जे संभार ऐं जाचि, कम्पनीअ जे मामलनि जी जपास ऐं जाच, कमपनी जी बि॒हर जोडायप ऐं मेलाप ऐं कम्पनीअ जे कारोबार बंद करण ताई.

बारतीय राबतो कानुन 1872, हिक बि॒यो कानुन आहे जो कि जाबती आणिंजो आहे हिक कम्पनीअ पारां समुरी डे॒ली लेती. इहो पेश कंदो आहे रिवाजी सिधांत राबतनि साई जाणि ऐं लागुपणो; आछि ऐं समिझोते खे संभारिंदड नियमन; जुदा जुदा राबता हरजाने ऐं जिमेवारीअ , जमानत ऐं गिरवीदार ऐं ऐजेंसी सुधो. इन मंझ पिणि सहुलियत में समुझोते खे नाकारण जो.

The other major legislations are:- the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act 1951; Trade Unions Act; the Competition Act, 2002; the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996; the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA),1999; laws relating to intellectual property rights; as well as laws relating to labour welfare.

4 बारत में वेपार जो ढलपणो


भारत खे हिकु संठो संवारियलु ढल धाचो आहे. ढल ऐं कर मडण जो हकु सरकार जे ट्रिन स्तरनि में विरहायो वयो आहे, भारत जे संविधान जे नियमनि जे आधार ते. मुल ढल/ कर जो कि केंद्र सरकार पारां मडहयो वेंदो आहे सो आहे: -

क) आमदनी ढल (पोख ता आमदनी खां सवाई, जो राज्य सरकार मडहे था सघे )

ख) कस्टम डयूटी, सेंट्रल ऐंकसाईस ऐं विकरो ढल ऐं

ग) सेवा ढल

मुल ढल जो कि राज्य सरकार पारां मढयो थी वञिनि सो आहिनि: -

a) सेवा ढल (साज्यनि जे मंझ सामनि जे विकरे ते ढल),

ख) स्टेप डयूटी (मलिकियत जे मालिकाणे जा फेबदल ते डयूटी),

ग) राज्य ऐकसाईस( दारुं जे तयार करण ते कर),

d) जमीन ढल (ढल जनिन ते जो कि पोख /अण - पोख लाई इस्तमाल पई थिऐ)),

ङ) कर विंदुरु ते ऐं ढल हुनरियूंनि ऐं कालिंगनि ते.

 

इलाईकणी संसथा खे हक आहे कर मणण जो: -

क) मलिकियत (इमारत वगिराह ) ते ढल,

ख) ओक्ट्राई (इलाकाणे संसथायूनि जे हद में पवंदड सामान जे इस्तमाल /खपत लाई दाखिल थिंदड ढल ),

ग) बाजार ते ढल ऐं

d) ढल / वापिराईदड खर्चु इकाईनि लाई जिअं कि पाणी मेसरायप, पाणीजी नेकाली वगिराह.

 

वधिक जाणि लाई , तव्हां डि॒सी था सघो: -

a) Taxation of Individuals - Link

b) Taxation of Partnerships - Link

c) Taxation of Corporates - Link

d) Taxation of other forms of Business Entities - Link

e) Service Tax - Link

f) TDS, TCS, TAN - Link